Sunday, June 10, 2007

Barriers to fitness: Overcoming common problems

Sticking to a regular exercise schedule isn't easy. Consider common barriers to fitness — and practical strategies for keeping your exercise program on track.

Sticking to a regular exercise schedule isn't easy. After all, there are plenty of potential hindrances — time, boredom, injuries, self-confidence. But these issues don't need to stand in your way. Consider practical strategies for overcoming common barriers to fitness.

Barrier: I don't have enough time to exercise

Setting aside time to exercise can be a challenge. Use a little creativity to get the most out of your time.

  • Squeeze in a few 10-minute walks throughout the day. If you don't have time for a full workout, don't sweat it. Shorter spurts of exercise spaced throughout the day offer benefits, too.
  • Get up earlier. If your days are packed and the evening hours are just as hectic, get up 30 minutes earlier twice a week to exercise. Once you've adjusted to early morning workouts, add another day or two to the routine.
  • Claim the back row of the parking lot as your own. Or park a few blocks away and walk quickly to your destination.
  • Rethink your rituals. Your weekly Saturday matinee with the kids or with your best friend could be reborn as your weekly Saturday bike ride, rock-climbing lesson or trip to the pool.

Barrier: Exercise is boring

It's natural to grow weary of a repetitive workout day after day, especially when you're going it alone. But exercise doesn't have to be boring.

  • Think of it as an activity. If you choose activities you enjoy, you're more likely to stay interested. Remember, anything that gets you moving counts.
  • Vary the routine. Rotate among several activities — such as walking, swimming and cycling — to keep you on your toes while conditioning different muscle groups.
  • Join forces with friends, relatives, neighbors or co-workers. Enjoy the camaraderie, and offer encouragement to one another when the going gets tough.
  • Check out exercise classes or sports leagues at a recreation center or health club. Learn new skills while getting a great workout.

Barrier: I'm self-conscious about how I look when I exercise

Don't get down on yourself! Remind yourself what a great favor you're doing for your cardiovascular health, or focus on how much stronger you feel after a workout. Praise yourself for improving your stamina and making a commitment to lifelong fitness.

If you're still uncomfortable exercising in the presence of others, go solo at first. Try an exercise video, or consider investing in a stationary bicycle, treadmill, stair-climbing machine or other home exercise equipment. As you become healthier and more at ease with exercising, your self-confidence is likely to improve as well.

Barrier: I'm too tired to exercise after working all day

No energy to exercise? Without exercise, you'll have no energy. It's a vicious cycle. But breaking the cycle with physical activity is one of the best gifts you can give yourself.

  • Try a morning dose of exercise. Remember the suggestion to get up 30 minutes earlier to exercise? Hop on the treadmill or stationary bicycle while you listen to the radio or watch the morning news. Or step outside for a brisk walk.
  • Make lunchtime count. Keep a pair of walking shoes at your desk, and take a brisk walk during your lunch break.
  • Be prepared. Put workout clothes on top of your dresser, socks and all. Keep a full water bottle in the fridge. Have an exercise video queued up and ready to go when you get home at night.
  • Hit the hay earlier. Running on empty is no way to face a full day. Go to bed earlier to make sure you're getting enough sleep.

Barrier: I'm too lazy to exercise

If the mere thought of a morning jog makes you tired, try these thoughts on for size:

  • Set realistic expectations. If your mental bar is too high, you might give up without even trying. Start with a walk around the block. Don't give up if you feel worn out. Take another walk around the block tomorrow. Keep it up, and eventually you'll no longer feel worn out. That's progress!
  • Work with your nature, not against it. Plan physical activity for times of the day when you tend to feel more energetic — or at least not quite so lazy.
  • Schedule exercise as you would schedule an important meeting or appointment. Block off times for physical activity, and make sure your friends and family are aware of your commitment. Ask for their encouragement and support.

Barrier: I'm not athletic

Natural athletic ability isn't a prerequisite to physical activity. Try something simple, such as a daily walk. Better yet, team up with friends who are in the same boat. Have fun while helping each other work out. Don't worry about becoming a superstar athlete or joining the hard-bodied athletes at the fitness club. Simply focus on the positive changes you're making to your body and mind.

Barrier: I've tried to exercise in the past and failed

Don't throw in the towel! You can't see it when you lower your cholesterol or reduce your risk of diabetes, but that doesn't mean you aren't doing yourself a great favor. Re-evaluate what went wrong, and learn from your mistakes.

  • Pace yourself. Start small and build up to more intense workouts later, when your body is ready.
  • Set realistic goals. Don't promise yourself you're going to work out for an hour every day, and then get down on yourself when you fall short. Stick with goals you can more easily achieve, such as exercising 20 minutes a day, three days a week for the first month.
  • Remember why you're exercising. Use your personal fitness goals as motivation — and reward yourself as you meet your goals.

Barrier: I can't afford to buy fancy exercise equipment or join a health club

You don't need a membership at an elite gym to get a great workout. Consider common-sense alternatives.

  • Do strengthening exercises at home. Use inexpensive resistance bands — lengths of elastic tubing available in varying strengths — in place of weights. Lift plastic milk jugs partially filled with water or sand. Do push-ups or squats using your body weight.
  • Queue up an exercise video. Try videos on dance aerobics, cardio-kickboxing, yoga or tai chi. For variety, trade exercise videos with a friend or check out the options at your local library or video rental store.
  • Start a walking group. Round up friends, neighbors or co-workers for regular group walks. Plan routes through your neighborhood or near your workplace, along local parks and trails, or in a nearby shopping mall.
  • Take the stairs. Skip the elevator when you can. Better yet, make climbing stairs a workout in itself.
  • Try your community center. Exercise classes offered at your community center or recreation department or through your local community education group might fit your budget better than an annual gym membership.

Barrier: I'm afraid I'll hurt myself if I exercise

If you're nervous about injuring yourself, start off on the right foot.

  • Take it slow. Start with a simple walking program. As you become more confident in your abilities, add new activities to your routine.
  • Try an exercise class for beginners. You'll learn the basics by starting from scratch.
  • Consider working one-on-one with a personal trainer. Get a customized fitness tutorial from a certified expert, who can monitor your movements and point you in the right direction.

Barrier: My family and friends don't support my efforts to exercise regularly

Remind those close to you of the benefits of regular exercise — and then bring them along for the ride!

  • Get your kicks with your kids. Sign up for a parent-child exercise class. Pack a picnic lunch and take your family to the park for a game of tag or kickball. Or go to the pool and splash with the kids instead of watching from your chair.
  • Propose a new adventure. Instead of suggesting a workout at the gym, invite a friend to go to an indoor climbing wall or rent a tandem bicycle for the weekend.
  • Do double duty. Volunteer to drive your teens to the mall, and then walk laps inside while you wait for the shoppers. Try the same trick at your child's school during lessons, practices or rehearsals.

If necessary, have a heart-to-heart with your loved ones. Tell your loved ones that you want to be there for them for many healthy years to come. If they don't share your fitness ambitions, ask them to at least respect your will to get fit.

Calories burned in 1 hour of exercise

If you are an exercise enthusiast or exercise to manage your weight, you probably wonder how many calories you burn.

This chart shows the estimated number of calories burned while performing a variety of exercises for one hour. The estimated numbers represent a moderate-intensity exercise level.

For both lighter and heavier body weights, you can calculate the approximate number of calories burned by selecting the maximum number of calories used from the column for a 170- to 180-pound person. Multiply this figure by your weight and divide by 175. For example, if you weigh 220 pounds, jogging uses:

656 x 220 = 825 calories an hour
175

Activity (one-hour duration)

Calories burned

140- to 150-pound person

170- to 180-pound person

Aerobic dancing

416-442

501-533

Backpacking

448-476

539-574

Badminton

288-306

347-369

Bicycling (outdoor)

512-544

616-656

Bicycling (stationary)

448-476

539-574

Bowling

192-204

231-246

Canoeing

224-238

270-287

Dancing

288-306

347-369

Gardening

256-272

308-328

Golfing (carrying bag)

288-306

347-369

Hiking

384-408

462-492

Jogging, 5 mph

512-544

616-656

Racquetball

448-476

539-574

Rope jumping

640-680

770-820

Running, 8 mph

864-918

1,040-1,107

Skating (ice- or roller-)

448-476

539-574

Skiing (cross-country)

512-544

616-656

Skiing (downhill)

384-408

462-492

Stair climbing

576-612

693-738

Swimming

384-408

462-492

Tennis

448-476

539-574

Volleyball

192-204

231-246

Walking, 2 mph

160-170

193-205

Walking, 3.5 mph

243-258

293-312

Weight-loss help: How to stop emotional eating

Find out how emotional eating can sabotage your weight-loss efforts and learn how you can regain control of your eating habits.

Sometimes the strongest longings for food happen when you're at your weakest point emotionally. Many people turn to food for comfort — consciously or unconsciously — when they're facing a difficult problem or looking to keep themselves occupied.

But emotional eating — eating as a way to suppress or soothe negative emotions, such as stress, anger, anxiety, boredom, sadness and loneliness — can sabotage your weight-loss efforts. Often, emotional eating leads to eating too much food, especially high-calorie, sweet, salty and fatty foods.

The good news is that if you're prone to emotional eating, you can take steps to regain control of your eating habits and get back on track with your weight-loss goals.

The connection between mood and food

Major life events — such as unemployment, health problems and divorce — and daily life hassles — such as a stressful work commute, bad weather and changes in your normal routine — can trigger emotions that lead to overeating. But why do negative emotions lead to overeating?

Some foods may have seemingly addictive qualities. For example, when you eat palatable foods, such as chocolate, your body releases trace amounts of mood- and satisfaction-elevating opiates. That "reward" may reinforce a preference for foods that are most closely associated with specific feelings. Related to this is the simple fact that the pleasure of eating offsets negative emotions.

Food can also be a distraction. If you're worried about an upcoming event or rethinking an earlier conflict, eating comfort foods may distract you. But the distraction is only temporary. While you're eating, your thoughts focus on the pleasant taste of your comfort food. Unfortunately, when you're done overeating, your attention returns to your worries, and you may now bear the additional burden of guilt about overeating.

How to regain control of your eating habits

Though strong emotions can trigger cravings for food, you can take steps to control those cravings. To help stop emotional eating, try these suggestions:

  • Learn to recognize true hunger. Is your hunger physical or emotional? If you ate just a few hours ago and don't have a rumbling stomach, you're probably not really hungry. Give the craving a few minutes to pass.
  • Know your triggers. For the next several days, write down what you eat, how much you eat, when you eat, how you're feeling when you eat and how hungry you are. Over time, you may see patterns emerge that reveal negative eating patterns and triggers to avoid.
  • Look elsewhere for comfort. Instead of unwrapping a candy bar, take a walk, treat yourself to a movie, listen to music, read or call a friend. If you think that stress relating to a particular event is nudging you toward the refrigerator, try talking to someone about it to distract yourself. Plan enjoyable events for yourself.
  • Don't keep unhealthy foods around. Avoid having an abundance of high-calorie comfort foods in the house. If you feel hungry or blue, postpone the shopping trip for a few hours so that these feelings don't influence your decisions at the store.
  • Snack healthy. If you feel the urge to eat between meals, choose a low-fat, low-calorie food, such as fresh fruit, vegetables with fat-free dip or unbuttered popcorn. Or test low-fat, lower calorie versions of your favorite foods to see if they satisfy your craving.
  • Eat a balanced diet. If you're not getting enough calories to meet your energy needs, you may be more likely to give in to emotional eating. Try to eat at fairly regular times. Include foods from the basic groups in your meals. Emphasize whole grains, vegetables and fruits, as well as low-fat dairy products and lean protein sources. When you fill up on the basics, you're more likely to feel fuller, longer.
  • Exercise regularly and get adequate rest. Your mood is more manageable and your body can more effectively fight stress when it's fit and well rested.

If you give in to emotional eating, forgive yourself and start fresh the next day. Try to learn from the experience, and make a plan for how you can prevent it in the future. Focus on the positive changes you're making in your eating habits and give yourself credit for making changes that ensure better health.

Belly-dancing: A good exercise for weight loss?

Answer

Yes, belly-dancing and other types of dance can be good exercises for weight loss. Dancing in general can burn as many calories as can walking, swimming or riding a bike.

As with any physical activity, the weight-loss benefits of dancing depend on several factors, including the frequency and length of your workouts and your exertion level. Bottom line: The more you move, the more calories you burn.

Keep in mind, some belly-dancing classes give you a more vigorous workout than others. If weight loss is a priority, choose a belly-dancing teacher who keeps you moving continuously during the class. You'll get the most benefit from classes that involve traveling steps.

Other benefits of dancing include:

  • Cardiovascular conditioning. Experts recommend 30 to 60 minutes of continuous activity on most days of the week. Dancing may not provide all the conditioning you need, but it can help.
  • Strong bones. Dancing that involves traveling steps is a weight-bearing activity that can help prevent or slow bone loss (osteoporosis).

The most important factor when starting an exercise program is to choose activities that you enjoy and that easily fit into your lifestyle. The calories you burn while dancing will definitely help you control your weight and maintain your fitness.

What about the stuff we add to coffee?

While coffee itself has virtually no nutritional impact, the things we add to our coffee will, in turn, dial up those numbers. And, if what we're really doing is adding a little bit of coffee to a large cup of steamed milk (with a few tablespoons of flavored syrups on top!) the results can be pretty dramatic. Dieters beware the trendy cup!

So is coffee the new health food? Perhaps. What's increasingly clear, as we continue to learn about coffee and its complex constituent components and compounds, we find far more benefits than risks. For most people — in moderation — coffee is good for you. Abundantly so.

Coffee has gone beyond basic black. Whether you make it yourself or sip it at your favorite coffee bar, you can choose from plain, flavored, whipped, topped, iced and even frozen versions. A plain cup of brewed coffee contains zero fat and only a couple of calories. But it's how you "dress up" your coffee with "extras" that can make a difference in its fat, sugar and calorie count.

Coffee "extras"
(Serving size: 1 tablespoon)

Fat (grams)

Carbs (grams)

Calories

Cream

6

0

52

Half-and-half

2

0

20

Plain nondairy creamer (liquid)

1.5

2

20

Plain, light nondairy creamer (liquid)

0.5

2

10

Flavored nondairy creamer (liquid)

1.5

5

35

Flavored, reduced-fat nondairy creamer (liquid)

0

3

20

Plain nondairy creamer (powder)

5

3

33

Plain, light nondairy creamer (powder)

1

4

25

Flavored nondairy creamer (powder)

2.5

7

45

Flavored, reduced-fat nondairy creamer (powder)

0

7

40

Whole milk

0.5

1

9

Fat-free milk

0

1

5

Sugar

0

12

48

Note: Values shown are an average of several brands.

Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, 2006

What goes into the brew that you buy at your local coffee bar also matters. For example, here's how your choice of milk affects the calories, fat and carbohydrate content of a 16-ounce cup of latte at one popular coffee franchise.

Starbucks caffe latte espresso
(16 ounces)

Fat

Carbs

Calories

Made with whole milk

14 grams

21 grams

260

Made with fat-free milk

0 grams

24 grams

160

Coffee, Caffeine, Nutrition and Health

Coffee and Health

Like so many of the beverages we enjoy today, coffee was once prescribed as a tonic for what ails you... and provided that what ails you is a lack of alertness or a sour mood, it's good on its promise. Let's leave patent medicines and snake-oil salesmen aside for the moment, though, and ask: is coffee good for you?

The answer is yes!

Coffee has been a frequent subject of scrutiny by the medical community... perhaps because it's so widely consumed, yet offers no apparent nutritive value. Or, maybe doctors are just looking for a really good cup of coffee.

Despite some 40-50 years of study, the medical field has yet to draw a direct correlation between moderate consumption of coffee and any medical disease or chronic health condition. Studies that have suggested worrisome links between coffee consumption and reproductive health, for example, have been put to rest by subsequent studies — larger, and more thorough — that have exonerated our favorite beverage.

More recent studies by the medical science community are now finding numerous positive benefits of moderate coffee consumption. These studies suggest that drinking coffee may reduce risks of colon cancer and liver cancer; cirrhosis of the liver; may reduce the risk of Parkinson's Disease and the onset of diabetes. More, brewed coffee has been found to have 3 to 4 times the amount of cancer-fighting anti-oxidants as green tea. Further, coffee can prevent or reduce the likelihood of developing gallstones, even prevent cavities.


Coffee and Caffeine

Coffee contains caffeine, a mild stimulant to the central nervous system. The caffeine in coffee occurs naturally; it's not added (it is, however, added to many soft drinks.) Coffee — with its stimulating constituent, caffeine — is the worlds most popular mood-altering substance on the planet, and has been for more than 300 years.

Caffeine promotes wakefulness by interfering with adenosine, a chemical in the body that acts as something of an natural sleep-promoting drug. In addition to its wakeful properties, caffeine — in moderate amounts — has been shown to enhance mood and increase alertness.

Caffeine has been shown to decrease muscle pain and augment the pain-relieving capability of other drugs, alleviate asthma symptoms and boost athletic endurance and performance as well as heightening alertness and lifting mood. Heck, it even helps combat jetlag! The key, of course, is the phrase we seem to hear a lot... moderation.

What's moderate? Most doctors will agree that 3 to 4 cups of coffee a day can be considered moderate consumption. What's moderate for you, however, is largely a matter of how you respond to caffeine. If you have questions or concerns about your own consumption of caffeine, talk to your doctor.


Coffee and Nutrition

Nutritionally speaking, brewed coffee is pretty much inert. It has virtually no calories or fats, no carbohydrates, no sodium, no cholesterol... if it were required to carry a nutritional product label, that label would consist mostly of a lot of zeros. (In fact, coffee is exempt from federal food label programs precisely because it has zero nutritive value.)

That said, coffee does offer a number of trace minerals (Thiamin, Niacin, Folate, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Manganese) and is a good source of Potassium, Pantothenic Acid and Riboflavin. A 6-ounce cup of brewed coffee may contain 2 to 4 mg of Sodium... mostly from the water used to brew the coffee and not the coffee, itself.